This is indeed exciting news since 20% of atherosclerosis occurs in the mouth. The Chronic inflammation that begins in the mouth is the cause the atherosclerosis.
Sent to us by a good friend, Kirsten Jarvi.
Dr. Joe
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NIH News
National Instute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR)
Embargoed for Release: Tuesday, March 25, 2008, 12:00 p.m. EDT
CONTACT: Bob Kuska, 301-594-7560, <
kuskar@nidcr.nih.gov>
SCIENTISTS LAUNCH FIRST COMPREHENSIVE DATABASE OF HUMAN ORAL MICROBIOME
Scientists know more today than ever before about the microbes that inhab our mouths. They know so much, in fact, that gathering all of the relevant bs of information into one place when designing experiments can be a labor-intensive job in self. Now, grantees of the National Instute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), part of the National Instutes of Health, and their international colleagues intend to solve this problem wh the launch of the first comprehensive database of the oral microbiome, or the approximately 600 distinct microorganisms currently known to live in the mouth.
The free online compendium is called the Human Oral Microbiome Database (HOMD). The database goes live today as the digal equivalent of an Oxford dictionary of oral microorganisms, providing detailed biological entries for each species and an extensive catalogue of the thousands of genes that these microbes express. The se is located at <
http://www.homd.org> and is overseen by scientists at The Forsyth Instute in Boston and King's College London in England.
"The HOMD fills a crical research need," said NIDCR director Lawrence Tabak, D.D.S., Ph.D. "The oral microbiome is extremely rich in data, and HOMD becomes the essential search engine for scientists to view and retrieve this information, generate novel hypotheses, make computational discoveries, and ultimately develop more biologically sound therapies to control oral diseases."
According to Floyd Dewhirst, D.D.S., Ph.D., a leader of the project and a scientist at The Forsyth Instute, HOMD also introduces the first comprehensive nomenclature system to bring order to the naming of uncultured or previously unnamed oral microbes. The standardized numbering system helps to eliminate the Babel of confusing names and uninformative database designations that have frustrated scientists and sometimes hindered their research.
The database also categorizes each microbe by s 16S rRNA sequence, a distinctive fingerprint of genetic information that scientists have used for the past two decades to identify microorganisms. This sequence information allows the microbes to be placed in a family tree that shows how they are related to one another. For those organisms whose DNA has been sequenced, HOMD provides online tools to view and analyze all of their genes and proteins. Each category of information in the database is interlinked, readily searchable, appropriately annotated, and will be frequently updated to remain current.
Dewhirst noted that although HOMD has officially opened to scientists, the database remains an ongoing project. "We've already assembled a great deal of useful information for the research communy, but we will continue to expand and refine the database for the next several years," said Dewhirst. "I can see the Human Oral Microbiome Database serving as a valuable model for other microbiome databases now and in the years to come."
Informally called "biology's next revolution," microbiome studies have opened a needed window into the complex microbial communies that occupy most parts of the human body. These studies will define how microbes contribute to sustaining health and, when their communy dynamics are perturbed, play a role in common chronic disease, such as tooth decay and periodontal disease in the mouth. In December 2007, NIH launched the Human Microbiome Project that inially will sequence all of the genes, or genomes, of 600 representative microorganisms sampled from microbial communies in the mouth, skin, digestive tract, nose, and female urogenal tract. Addional studies are eher under way or under development.
Among those already well under way is a NIDCR-supported project to compile a full catalogue of the complete genomes of all oral microbes. It has generated a tremendous amount of data and, coupled wh the decades of more tradional studies of oral bacteria, the need for a comprehensive, user-friendly database has become a priory.
"The oral microbiome is currently better understood than those of other ses in the body, such as the intestine," said Dr. Bruce Paster, Ph.D., also at The Forsyth Instute and another project scientist. "Since oral microorganisms appear in infections throughout the human body, the HOMD database certainly will be useful to physicians. Likewise, microbiologists in industry will find HOMD helpful because oral microbes sometimes contaminate food or the drug manufacturing process."
The National Instute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) is the Nation's leading funder of research on oral, dental, and craniofacial health.
The National Instutes of Health (NIH) - The Nation's Medical Research Agency - is comprised of 27 Instutes and Centers and is a component of the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. It is the primary Federal agency for conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and investigates the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and s programs, vis <
www.nih.gov>.
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This NIH News Release is available online at:
<
http://www.nih.gov/news/health/mar2008/nidcr-25.htm>.